Plants annual; stoloniferous, mat-forming; stolons 2-8 cm, terminating in fascicles of leaves from which new culms arise. Culms 3-15(30) cm. Leaves mostly basal, sometimes with a purple tint; sheaths with a tuft of hairs at the throat; auricles absent; ligules of hairs; blades linear, usually involute, sometimes flat or folded, with white, thickened margins, apices sharply pointed. Inflorescences terminal, capitate panicles of spikelike branches; branches almost completely hidden in a subtending leafy bract, with 2-4 subsessile or pedicellate spikelets. Spikelets laterally compressed, with 2-10 florets; lower florets bisexual or pistillate; terminal florets sterile; disarticulation above the glumes or beneath the leaves subtending the branches. Glumes shorter than the spikelets, keeled, 1-veined, unawned; lower glumes usually present on all spikelets (absent from all spikelets in M. mendocina); upper glumes absent or reduced on the terminal spikelet; lemmas with a pilose tuft of hairs along the margins at midlength, membranous or coriaceous, 3-veined, lateral veins occasionally shortly excurrent, apices emarginate or 2-lobed; paleas glabrous, smooth; lodicules present or absent, truncate; anthers 2 or 3, yellow; style branches elongate, 2(3), barbellate. Caryopses dorsally compressed. x = 7 or 8. Named for Sir William Munro (1818-1880), a British botanist who collected in Barbados, the Crimea, and India.

Munroa, a genus of five species, is endemic to the Western Hemisphere. One species occurs in the Flora region, the remainder being confined to South America. Its closest relatives are thought to be Blepharidachne and Dasyochloa, both of which are stoloniferous, mat-forming species with leafy-bracteate panicles. Munroa differs from both in its annual habit.

1.   Munroa squarrosa (Nutt.) Torr.
False Buffalograss

Stolons slender. Culms 3-15(30) cm, highly branched, scabrous, often minutely puberulent. Ligules 0.5(1) mm; blades 1-5 cm long, 1-2.5 mm wide. Spikelets 6-8(10) mm, with 3-5 florets. Glumes of first 1-2 spikelets subequal, 2.5-4.2 mm, narrow, 1-veined, acute; glumes of upper spikelets unequal, lower glumes reduced or even absent in the terminal spikelets; lemmas in lower spikelets scabridulous, lanceolate, midvein excurrent, forming a stout, scabrous 0.5-2 mm awn, lateral veins with a tuft of hairs on the margins near midlength, excurrent; anthers 1-1.5 mm. 2n = 16.

Munroa squarrosa grows in dry, open areas, usually in sandy soil or disturbed sites, from Saskatchewan and Alberta south to Chihuahua, Mexico.